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System Engineering Analysis, Design, and Development: Concepts, Principles, and Practices

System Engineering Analysis, Design, and Development: Concepts, Principles, and Practices

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Wydawnictwo Wiley & Sons
Data wydania
Liczba stron 880
Forma publikacji książka w twardej oprawie
Język angielski
ISBN 9781118442265
Kategorie Inżynieria elektroniczna i komunikacyjna
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Praise for the first edition:"This excellent text will be useful to every system engineer (SE) regardless of the domain. It covers ALL relevant SE material and does so in a very clear, methodical fashion. The breadth and depth of the author's presentation of SE principles and practices is outstanding." -Philip AllenThis textbook presents a comprehensive, step-by-step guide to System Engineering analysis, design, and development via an integrated set of concepts, principles, practices, and methodologies. The methods presented in this text apply to any type of human system -- small, medium, and large organizational systems and system development projects delivering engineered systems or services across multiple business sectors such as medical, transportation, financial, educational, governmental, aerospace and defense, utilities, political, and charity, among others.* Provides a common focal point for "bridging the gap" between and unifying System Users, System Acquirers, multi-discipline System Engineering, and Project, Functional, and Executive Management education, knowledge, and decision-making for developing systems, products, or services* Each chapter provides definitions of key terms, guiding principles, examples, author's notes, real-world examples, and exercises, which highlight and reinforce key SE&D concepts and practices* Addresses concepts employed in Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE), Model-Driven Design (MDD), Unified Modeling Language (UML(TM)) / Systems Modeling Language (SysML(TM)), and Agile/Spiral/V-Model Development such as user needs, stories, and use cases analysis; specification development; system architecture development; User-Centric System Design (UCSD); interface definition & control; system integration & test; and Verification & Validation (V&V)* Highlights/introduces a new 21st Century Systems Engineering & Development (SE&D) paradigm that is easy to understand and implement.* Provides practices that are critical staging points for technical decision making such as Technical Strategy Development; Life Cycle requirements; Phases, Modes, & States; SE Process; Requirements Derivation; System Architecture Development, User-Centric System Design (UCSD); Engineering Standards, Coordinate Systems, and Conventions; et al.Thoroughly illustrated, with end-of-chapter exercises and numerous case studies and examples, Systems Engineering Analysis, Design, and Development, Second Edition is a primary textbook for multi-discipline, engineering, system analysis, and project management undergraduate/graduate level students and a valuable reference for professionals.

System Engineering Analysis, Design, and Development: Concepts, Principles, and Practices

Spis treści

FOREWORD xvPREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION xviiABOUT THE COMPANION WEBSITE xxiINTRODUCTION--HOW TO USE THIS TEXT xxiii1 Systems, Engineering, and Systems Engineering 11.1 Definitions of Key Terms 21.2 Approach to this Chapter 21.3 What is a System? 31.4 Learning to Recognize Types of Systems 71.5 What is SE? 81.6 System Versus Systems Engineering 121.7 SE: Historical Notes 131.8 Systems Thinking and SE 131.9 Chapter Summary 151.10 Chapter Exercises 151.11 References 162 The Evolving State of SE Practice-Challenges and Opportunities 172.1 Definitions of Key Terms 192.2 Approach to this Chapter 202.3 The State of SE and System Development Performance 202.4 Understanding the Problem: Root Cause Analysis 242.5 Industry, Government, Academic, Professional, and Standards Organizations Solutions 272.6 Defining the Problem 322.7 Engineering Education Challenges and Opportunities 422.8 Chapter Summary 432.9 Chapter Exercises 462.10 References 46PART I SYSTEM ENGINEERING AND ANALYSIS CONCEPTS 493 System Attributes, Properties, and Characteristics 513.1 Definition of Key Terms 513.2 Analytical Representation of a System 533.3 System Stakeholders: User and End User Roles 553.4 System Attributes 563.5 System Properties 563.6 System Characteristics 603.7 The System's State of Equilibrium and the Balance of Power 613.8 System/Product Life Cycle Concepts 643.9 System Acceptability: Challenges for Achieving Success 713.10 Chapter Summary 743.11 Chapter Exercises 743.12 References 754 User Enterprise Roles, Missions, and System Applications 764.1 Definitions of Key Terms 764.2 Approach to this Chapter 774.3 User Roles and Missions 784.4 Understanding and Defining User Missions 834.5 Understanding the User's Problem, Opportunity, and Solution Spaces 884.6 Chapter Summary, 974.7 Chapter Exercises, 974.8 References, 985 User Needs, Mission Analysis, Use Cases, and Scenarios 995.1 Definitions of Key Terms 1005.2 Approach to this Chapter 1015.3 Commercial/Consumer Product Versus Contract System Development 1015.4 User Operational Needs Identification 1035.5 Mission Analysis 1075.6 Mission Operational Effectiveness 1145.7 Defining Mission and System UCs and Scenarios 1175.8 Chapter Summary 1275.9 Chapter Exercises 1275.10 References 1286 System Concepts Formulation and Development 1296.1 Definitions of Key Terms 1296.2 Conceptualization of System Operations 1316.3 The System Operations Model 1316.4 Formulating and Developing the System Concepts 1386.5 Chapter Summary 1446.6 Chapter Exercises 1456.7 References 1457 System Command and Control (C2) - Phases, Modes, and States of Operation 1477.1 Definitions of Key Terms 1487.2 Approach to this Chapter 1497.3 System Phases of Operation 1507.4 Introduction to System Modes and States 1517.5 Enterprise Perspective--Engineered System States 1547.6 Engineering Perspective--Modes and States 1577.7 Applying Phases, Modes, and States of Operation 1687.8 Modes and States Constraints 1697.9 Chapter Summary 1727.10 Chapter Exercises 1727.11 References 1738 System Levels of Abstraction, Semantics, and Elements 1748.1 Definitions of Key Terms 1748.2 Establishing and Bounding the System's Context 1758.3 System Levels of Abstraction and Semantics 1768.4 System Decomposition Versus Integration Entity Relationships 1818.5 Logical-Physical Entity Relationship (ER) Concepts 1838.6 Architectural System Element Concepts 1868.7 Chapter Summary 1968.8 Chapter Exercises 1968.9 References 1979 Architectural Frameworks of the SOI and Its Operating Environment 1989.1 Definitions of Key Terms 1989.2 Approach to this Chapter 1999.3 Introduction to the SOI Architecture 1999.4 Understanding the OE Architecture 2019.5 Other Architectural Frameworks 2099.6 Understanding The System Threat Environment 2099.7 SOI Interfaces 2119.8 Chapter Summary 2189.9 Chapter Exercises 2189.10 References 21810 Modeling Mission System and Enabling System Operations 21910.1 Definitions of Key Terms 21910.2 Approach to this Chapter 21910.3 The System Behavioral Response Model 22010.4 System Command & Control (C2) Interaction Constructs 22110.5 Modeling System Control Flow and Data Flow Operations 22510.6 Modeling Mission System and Enabling System Operations 23010.7 Modeling an Operational Capability 23510.8 Nested Operational Cycles 24110.9 Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) 24110.10 Chapter Summary 24310.11 Chapter Exercises 24310.12 References 24311 Analytical Problem-Solving and Solution Development Synthesis 24511.1 Definitions of Key Terms 24511.2 Part I: System Engineering and Analysis ConceptsSynthesis 24511.3 Shifting to a New Systems Engineering Paradigm 24611.4 The Four Domain Solutions Methodology 24811.5 Chapter Summary 25111.6 References 254PART II SYSTEM ENGINEERING AND DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES 25512 Introduction to System Development Strategies 25712.1 Definitions of Key Terms 25812.2 Approach to this Chapter 25912.3 System Development Workflow Strategy 26012.4 Multi-Level Systems Design and Development Strategy 26212.5 Chapter Summary 26812.6 Chapter Exercises 26812.7 References 26913 System Verification and Validation (V&V) Strategy 27013.1 Definitions of Key Terms 27013.2 Approach to this Chapter 27213.3 System V&V Concepts Overview 27513.4 System Verification Practices 27813.5 System Validation Practices 28313.6 Applying V&V to the System Development Workflow Processes 28513.7 Independent Verification & Validation (IV&V) 29013.8 Chapter Summary 29113.9 Chapter Exercises 29213.10 References 29214 The Wasson Systems Engineering Process 29314.1 Definitions of Key Terms 29314.2 Approach to this Chapter 29414.3 Evolution of SE Processes 29414.4 The Wasson SE Process Model 29614.5 Wasson SE Process Model Characteristics 30614.6 Application of the Wasson SE Process Model 31014.7 The Strength of the Wasson SE Process Model 31114.8 Chapter Summary 31114.9 Chapter Exercises 31214.10 References 31215 System Development Process Models 31315.1 Definitions of Key Terms 31415.2 Introduction to the System Development Models 31515.3 Waterfall Development Strategy and Model 31615.4 "V" System Development Strategy and Model 31815.5 Spiral Development Strategy and Model 32215.6 Iterative and Incremental Development Model 32415.7 Evolutionary Development Strategy and Model 32515.8 Agile Development Strategy and Model 32615.9 Selection of System Versus Component Development Models 34115.10 Chapter Summary 34215.11 Chapter Exercises 34215.12 References 34216 System Configuration Identification and Component Selection Strategy 34416.1 Definitions of Key Terms 34516.2 Items: Building Blocks of Systems 34716.3 Understanding Configuration Identification Semantics 34716.4 Configuration Item (CI) Implementation 35216.5 Developmental Configuration Baselines 35516.6 Component Selection and Development 35816.7 Vendor Product Semantics 35916.8 Component Selection Methodology 36016.9 Driving Issues that Influence COTS/NDI Selection 36116.10 Chapter Summary 36316.11 Chapter Exercises 36316.12 References 36417 System Documentation Strategy 36517.1 Definitions of Key Terms 36617.2 Quality System and Engineering Data Records 36617.3 System Design and Development Data 36717.4 Data Accession List (DAL) and Data Criteria List (DCL) 36817.5 SE and Development Documentation Sequencing 36917.6 Documentation Levels of Formality 37017.7 Export Control of Sensitive Data and Technology 37117.8 System Documentation Issues 37317.9 Chapter Summary 37417.10 Chapter Exercises 37417.11 References 37518 Technical Reviews Strategy 37618.1 Definitions of Key Terms 37618.2 Approach to this Chapter 37818.3 Technical Reviews Overview 37818.4 Conduct of Technical Reviews 38018.5 Contract Review Requirements 38118.6 In-Process Reviews (IPRs) 38318.7 Contract Technical Reviews 38418.8 Chapter Summary 39518.9 Chapter Exercises 39518.10 References 39619 System Specification Concepts 39719.1 Definitions of Key Terms 39719.2 What is a Specification? 39819.3 Attributes of a Well-Defined Specification 40019.4 Types of Specifications 40319.5 Key Elements of a Specification 40519.6 Specification Requirements 40819.7 Chapter Summary 41319.8 Chapter Exercises 41319.9 References 41420 Specification Development Approaches 41520.1 Definitions of Key Terms 41520.2 Approach to this Chapter 41620.3 Introduction to Specification Development 41620.4 Specification Development Approaches 42020.5 Special Topics 42620.6 Specification Reviews 42620.7 Chapter Summary 42820.8 Chapter Exercises 42820.9 Reference 42821 Requirements Derivation, Allocation, Flow Down, and Traceability 42921.1 Definitions of Key Terms 42921.2 Approach to this Chapter 43021.3 Introduction to Requirements Derivation, Allocation Flowdown, & Traceability 43021.4 Requirements Derivation Methods 43621.5 Requirements Derivation and Allocation Across Entity Boundaries 43621.6 Requirements Allocation 43821.7 Requirements Traceability 43921.8 Technical Performance Measures (TPMs) 44221.9 Chapter Summary 44521.10 Chapter Exercises 44521.11 References 44522 Requirements Statement Development 44622.1 Definition of Key Terms 44622.2 Approach to this Chapter 44622.3 Introduction to Requirements Statement Development 44722.4 Preparing the Requirement Statement 44922.5 Selection of Requirement Verification Methods 45322.6 Requirements Traceability and Verification Tools 45622.7 Requirements Statement Development Guidelines 45922.8 When Does a Requirement Become "Official"? 46222.9 Chapter Summary 46222.10 Chapter Exercises 46422.11 References 46423 Specification Analysis 46523.1 Definition of Key Terms 46523.2 Analyzing Existing Specifications 46623.3 Specification Assessment Checklist 46723.4 Specification Analysis Methods 47123.5 Specification Deficiencies Checklist 47223.6 Resolution of Specification COI/CTI Issues 47623.7 Requirements Compliance 47723.8 Chapter Summary 47823.9 Chapter Exercises 47823.10 References 47924 User-Centered System Design (UCSD) 48024.1 Definitions of Key Terms 48124.2 Approach to this Chapter 48324.3 Introduction to UCSD 48424.4 Understanding Human Factors (HF) and Ergonomics 49324.5 Situational Assessment: Areas of Concern 50924.6 Complex System Development 51224.7 SE HF and Ergonomics Actions 51224.8 Chapter Summary 51424.9 Chapter Exercises 51524.10 References 51525 Engineering Standards of Units, Coordinate Systems, and Conventions 51825.1 Definitions of Key Terms 51825.2 Approach to this Chapter 51925.3 Engineering Standards 52025.4 Standards for Units, Weights, and Measures 52025.5 Coordinate Reference Systems 52225.6 Defining a System's Free Body Dynamics 53425.7 Applying Engineering Standards and Conventions 53825.8 Engineering Standards and Conventions Lessons Learned 53825.9 Chapter Summary 54025.10 Chapter Exercises 54025.11 References 54126 System and Entity Architecture Development 54226.1 Definitions of Key Terms 54226.2 Approach to this Chapter 54326.3 Introduction to System Architecture Development 54426.4 Development of System Architectures 55426.5 Advanced System Architecture Topics 55926.6 Chapter Summary 57226.7 Chapter Exercises 57326.8 References 57427 System Interface Definition, Analysis, Design, and Control 57527.1 Definitions of Key Terms 57627.2 Approach to this Chapter 57627.3 Interface Ownership, Work Products, and Control Concepts 57727.4 Interface Definition Methodology 58327.5 Interface Design--Advanced Topics 58827.6 Interface Definition and Control Challenges and Solutions 59227.7 Chapter Summary 59727.8 Chapter Exercises 59827.9 References 59828 System Integration, Test, and Evaluation (SITE) 59928.1 Definitions of Key Terms 59928.2 SITE Fundamentals 60128.3 Key Elements of Site 60428.4 Planning for Site 61028.5 Establishing the Test Organization 61228.6 Developing Test Cases (TCs) and Acceptance Test Procedures (ATPs) 61328.7 Performing SITE Tasks 61428.8 Common Integration and Test Challenges and Issues 61728.9 Chapter Summary 62128.10 Chapter Exercises 62128.11 References 62229 System Deployment, OM&S, Retirement, and Disposal 62329.1 Definitions of Key Terms 62429.2 Approach to this Chapter 62529.3 System Deployment Operations 62629.4 System Operation, Maintenance, & Sustainment (OM&S) 63829.5 System Retirement (Phase-Out) Operations 64529.6 System Disposal Operations 64629.7 Chapter Summary 64629.8 Chapter Exercises 64629.9 References 647PART III ANALYTICAL DECISION SUPPORT PRACTICES 64930 Introduction to Analytical Decision Support 65130.1 Definitions of Key Terms 65130.2 What is Analytical Decision Support? 65230.3 Attributes of Technical Decisions 65230.4 Types of Engineering Analyses 65430.5 System Performance Analysis and Evaluation 65430.6 Statistical Influences on System Design 65930.7 Chapter Summary 66430.8 General Exercises 66530.9 References 66531 System Performance Analysis, Budgets, and Safety Margins 66631.1 Definitions of Key Terms 66731.2 Performance "Design-To" Budgets and Safety Margins 66731.3 Analyzing System Performance 67231.4 Real-Time Control and Frame-Based Systems 67931.5 System Performance Optimization 67931.6 System Analysis Reporting 68031.7 Chapter Summary 68031.8 Chapter Exercises 68031.9 References 68132 Trade Study Analysis of Alternatives (AoA) 68232.1 Definitions of Key Terms 68232.2 Introduction to Multivariate Analysis of Alternatives (AoA) 68332.3 Chartering a Trade Study 68832.4 Establishing the Trade Study Methodology 68932.5 Trade Study Quantitative Approaches 69032.6 Trade Study Utility or Scoring Functions 69532.7 Sensitivity Analysis 69632.8 Trade Study Reports (TSRs) 69632.9 Trade Study Decision 69732.10 Trade Study Risk Areas 69932.11 Trade Study Lessons Learned 70132.12 Chapter Summary 70132.13 Chapter Exercises 70132.14 References 70133 System Modeling and Simulation (M&S) 70333.1 Definitions of Key Terms 70433.2 Technical Decision-Making Aids 70533.3 Simulation-Based Models 70533.4 Application Examples of M&S 70933.5 M&S Challenges and Issues 71733.6 Chapter Summary 71933.7 Chapter Exercises 71933.8 References 72034 System Reliability, Maintainability, and Availability (RMA) 72134.1 Definitions of Key Terms 72234.2 Approach to this Chapter 72334.3 System Reliability 72534.4 Understanding System Maintainability 76834.5 System Availability 77934.6 Optimizing RMA Trade-Offs 78134.7 Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) 78334.8 System RMA Challenges 78834.9 Chapter Summary 78934.10 Chapter Exercises 78934.11 References 790EPILOG 792Appendix A Acronyms and Abbreviations 795Appendix B INCOSE Handbook Traceability 801Appendix C System Modeling Language (SysML(TM)) Constructs 811INDEX 821

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