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Polymer Melt Fracture

Polymer Melt Fracture

Autorzy
Wydawnictwo Taylor & Francis Inc
Data wydania 03/08/2010
Liczba stron 341
Forma publikacji książka w twardej oprawie
Poziom zaawansowania Dla profesjonalistów, specjalistów i badaczy naukowych
Język angielski
ISBN 9781574447804
Kategorie Chemia polimerowa
1 081.50 PLN (z VAT)
$243.28 / €231.87 / £201.29 /
Produkt na zamówienie
Dostawa 5-6 tygodni
Ilość
Do schowka

Opis książki

The continually growing plastics market consists of more than 250 million tons of product annually, making the recurring problem of polymer melt fracture an acute issue in the extrusion of these materials. Presenting a pictorial library of the different forms of melt fracture and real industrial extrusion melt fracture phenomena, Polymer Melt Fracture provides pragmatic identification and industrial extrusion defect remediation strategies based on detailed experimental and theoretical findings from the last 50 years.


Distinct microscopic photos


Each chapter in this comprehensive volume covers a different aspect of the science and technology relating to polymer melt fracture. The book begins with a collection of optical and scanning electron microscopy pictures. These photos show distorted capillary die extrudates for a number of commercially available polymers. The authors present a brief introduction to the basic science and technology of polymers. They explain what polymers are, how they are made, and how they can be characterized. They also discuss polymer rheology, review the principles of continuum mechanics, and define linear viscoelastic material functions.


Techniques for observing and measuring fracture


Next, the book explains how polymer melt fracture is actually experienced in the polymer processing industry. It explains the various ways polymer melt fracture may appear during polymer melt processing in different extrusion processes. The authors provide comprehensive reviews of the polymer melt fracture literature, with chapters on experimental findings and the techniques used to observe and measure polymer melt fracture, and the influence of polymer architecture and polymer processing conditions on the onset and types of polymer melt fracture. Posing a hypothesis about the phenomenon, the book presents the current understanding of polymer melt fracture.


Mathematical equations





Recognizing the importance of models for simulations that may indicate potential solutions, the book discusses aspects of non-linear constitutive equations and microscopic theory and develops a macroscopic model, explaining the capabilities and limitations of this approach. The book presents an overview of pragmatic tools and methods that have been used to prevent the appearance of polymer melt fracture and explains how to use them to suppress defects.

Polymer Melt Fracture

Spis treści

Polymer Melt Fracture Pictures

Optical Microscopy

Scanning Electron Microscopy



Polymer Characteristics

Polymers

Polymer Characterization

General Observation



Polymer Rheology

Continuum Mechanics

Scalars, Vectors, and Tensors

Stress Tensor

Strain Tensors

Equations of Motion

Constitutive Equations

General Observation



Polymer Processing

Extrusion

Injection Molding

Rotational Molding

Calendering

General Observation



Melt Fracture Experiments

Constant-Pressure and Constant-Rate Experiments

Flow Visualization

Critical Numbers

Melt Fracture Observation

Change of Slope

Wall Slip

Compressibility

General Observation



Melt Fracture Variables

Polymer Architecture

Polymer-Processing Variables

General Observation



Understanding Melt Fracture

Melt Fracture Mechanisms

The Constitutive Approach

General Understanding

General Observation



Advanced Polymer Rheology

Molar Mass, Zero-Shear Viscosity, and Recoverable

Compliance

Continuous Models and Frame Invariance

Microscopic Models

Molar Mass Distribution and Linear Viscoelasticity

General Observation



Modeling Melt Fracture

The Relaxation-Oscillation Model

Coupling RO and Constitutive Equations

Slip-Boundary Conditions

A Rheological Model Including Wall Slip

Bulk and Interfacial Viscosity Balance for Different Polymers

Flow Curve and Melt Fracture Relation

General Observation



Preventing Melt Fracture

Additives

Extruder and Processing Conditions

Dealing with Melt Fracture

General Observation



Index

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