Książki

The Black Death was a disaster of huge magnitude, shaking medieval Europe and beyond to its economic and social core.
Building upon his acclaimed study of 2004, Ole Benedictow here draws upon new scholarship and research to present a comprehensive, definitive account of the Black Death and its impact on European history. The medical and epidemiological characteristics of the disease, its geographical origin, its spread across Asia Minor, the Middle East, North Africa, Europe and Russia, and the mortality in the countries and regions for which there are satisfactory studies, are clearly presented and thoroughly discussed. The pattern, pace and seasonality of the spread of the disease reflect current medical work and standard studies on the epidemiology of bubonic plague.
Benedictow's findings make it clear that the true mortality rate was far higher than had been previously thought: some 60% of Europe's population. In the light of those findings, the discussion of the Black Death as a turning point in history takes on a new significance.

OLE J. BENEDICTOW is Professor of History at the University of Oslo.

The Complete History of the Black Death

Preface

The Black Death

The Black Death: the epidemic disaster that made history

The Return of the Black Death and the Response

Transmission of Lethal Doses of Bacteria in Bubonic Plague

Medical and Clinical Features of Bubonic Plague

Basic Aspects of the Epidemiology of Bubonic Plague

Historical Presence and Role of Black Rats in the Black Death (and Later Plague Epidemics)

Seasonality of Bubonic Plague

Short History of plague before the Black Death

The Original Outbreak and early Spread of the Black Death in the Lands of the Golden Horde

Ships and Sailing Rates: The Importance of Ships in the Spread of the Black Death

The Caucasus, Asia Minor, the Middle East and North Africa

Mediterranean Europe: The Establishment of Epicentres of Spread of the Black Death in Greece, Italy and France

The Balkan Countries and North-Eastern Italy: The Role of Venetian Galleys in the Spread of the Black Death on the Eastern Coast of the Adriatic Sea to Venice

The Iberian Peninsula: The Spanish Kingdoms, the Kingdom of Portugal, and the Kingdom of Grenada

Italy

France

Belgium

Switzerland

Britain

Ireland

Norway

Denmark

Sweden

The Netherlands

Austria

Hungary

Germany and the State of the Order of the Teutonic Knights (Prussia and the Baltic Countries)

Bohemia

Poland

Russia

Some Countries or Regions that Escaped the Black Death

Patterns of Conquest, Dynamics of Spread

The Black Death established a Plague Reservoir among Black Rats and the Realm of the Second Plague Pandemic

The Medieval Demographic System

Structures of Medieval Demography and the Demography of Historical Plague Studies

Spain

Italy

France and the County of Savoy

Belgium

Germany

England

How many people died in the Black Death?

The Inverse Correlation between Mortality rate and Population Density: Why the Black Death could kill around 60% of Europe's Population

The Black Death: a Turning Point in History?

Bibliography