Książki

From its inception, the U.S. Department of the Interior has been charged with a conflicting mission. One set of statutes demands that the department must develop America's lands, that it get our trees, water, oil, and minerals out into the marketplace. Yet an opposing set of laws orders us to conserve these same resources, to preserve them for the long term and to consider the noncommodity values of our public landscape. That dichotomy, between rapid exploitation and long-term protection, demands what I see as the most significant policy departure of my tenure in office: the use of science-interdisciplinary science-as the primary basis for land management decisions. For more than a century, that has not been the case. Instead, we have managed this dichotomy by compartmentalizing the American landscape. Congress and my predecessors handled resource conflicts by drawing enclosures: "We'll create a national park here," they said, "and we'll put a wildlife refuge over there." Simple enough, as far as protection goes. And outside those protected areas, the message was equally simplistic: "Y'all come and get it. Have at it." The nature and the pace of the resource extraction was not at issue; if you could find it, it was yours.

The Ecological Basis of Conservation: Heterogeneity, Ecosystems, and Biodiversity

Foreword: B. Babbit. Preface. Contributors. Participants. I. Introduction: The needs for a comprehensive conservation theory; Chapter 1: Defining the scientific issues-- R.S. Ostfeld, S.T.A. Pickett, M. Shachak and G.E. Likens. Chapter 2: Part 1. Science, Conservation, Policy, and the Public-- G. L. Glickman; Part 2. Providing the scientific information that conservation practitioners need-- H. Pulliam; Part 3. A policy perspective on biodiversity protection and ecosystem management. Chapter 3: Conservation and human population growth: what are the linkages?-- J. E. Cohen. Chapter 4: Developing an analytical context for multispecies conservation planning-- B. Noon, K. McKelvey, and D. Murphy. Chapter5: Operationalizing ecology under a new paradigm: An african perspective-- K. H. Rogers. II. Foundations for a comprehensive conservation theory Themes-- S.T.A. Pickett, R.S. Ostfeld, M. Shachak & G.E. Likens CHapter 6: The paradigm shift in ecology and its implications for conservation-- P. Fielder, P.S. White and R. Leidy; Chapter 7:The emerging role of patchiness in conservation biology--J. A. Wiens; Chapter 8:Linking ecological understanding and application: patchiness in a dryland system--M. Shachak and S.T.A. Pickett. III. Biodiversity and its ecological linkages Themes-- R.S. Ostfeld, S.T.A. Pickett, M. Shackhak & G.E. Likens. Chapter 9: The evaluation of biodiversity as a target for conservation-- M. P. Nott and S. Pimm; Chapter 10: Conserving ecosystem function--J.L.Meyer; Chapter 11:The relationship between patchiness and biodiversity in terrestial systems--L. Hansson; Chapter 12: Re-evaluating the use of models to predict the consequences of habitat loss and fragmentation-- P. Kareiva, D. Skelly, and M. Ruckelshaus; Chapter 13: Managing for heterogeneity and complexity on dynamic landscapes-- N. Christensen, Jr.; Chapter 14:Toward a resolution of conflicting paradigms--S. Tartowski; Chapter 15:The land ethic of aldo leopold--A. C. Leopold. IV: Towards a new conservation theory. Themes-- R.S. Ostfeld, S.T.A. Pickett, M. Shackhak & G.E. Likens Chapter 16:The future of conservation biology: What's a geneticist to do?-- K. E. Holsinger and P. Vitt; Chapter 17: Habitat destruction and metapopulation dynamics-- I. Hanski; Chapter 18: How viable is population viability analysis?-- K. Ralls and B. L. Taylor Chapter 19: Reserve design and the new conservation theory-- N.E. Barrett and J. P. Barrett Chapter 20:Ecosystem processes do?-- J.J. Ewel; Chapter 21:Measurement scales and ecosystem management-- D.R. Gordon, L. Provencher, and J.L. Hardesty; Chapter 22:Biogeographic approaches and the new conservation biology-- D. Simberloff; Chapter 23: Conserving interaction biodiversity--J.N. Thompson. V. The applications of conservation ecology Themes-- R.S. Ostfeld, S.T.A. Pickett, M. Shachak and G.E. Likens. Chapter 24: State-dependent decision analysis for conservation biology-- H.P. Possingham; Chapter 25: Expanding scientific research programs to address conservation challenges in freshwater ecosystems-- C. M. Pringle; Chapter 26: Standard procedures for implementing ecosytem management on public lands-- R.S. Peters, D. M. Waller, B. Noon, S.T.A. Pickett, D. Murphy, J. Cracraft, R. Kiester, W. Kuhlmann, O. Houck, and W. J. Snape, III; Chapter 27: Whatever it takes for conservation: the case for alteratives analysis-- M.H. O'Brien; Chapter 28: Conservation activism: a proper role for academics?-- J. Zedler; Chapter 29: Getting ecological paradigms into the political debate: or will the messenger be shot?-- G. O'Neill and P. Attiwill. VI. Synthesis and a forward look Themes-- R.S. Ostfeld, S.T.A. Pickett, M. Shachak and G.E. Likens. Chapter 30: A summary of the sixth cary conference-- T.E. Lovejoy; Chapter 31: The linkages between ecology and conservation-- L.M. Talbot; Chapter 32: The central scientific challenge for conservation biology-- J. H