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An integrated presentation of the basic science and clinical applications of anticancer agentsAimed at both undergraduate and postgraduate readers, this unique text provides readers with a fully-integrated presentation of all aspects of the science of anticancer drugs, including their chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications.After heart disease, cancer is the number one killer worldwide, and the tumor microenvironment is forever changing, creating an ever-greater demand for safer, more effective anticancer agents. In response to that demand, the $100 billion cancer drug market continues to grow, with our increased understanding of cancer leading to new drugs being used clinically almost every year.Anticancer Therapeutics is divided into three sections. Section 1 is an introduction to cancer and therapeutics, and covers the etiology and cellular and molecular basis of cancer. In Section 2, the authors focus on the anticancer agents -- their discovery, synthesis, mode of action, mechanisms of resistance, and adverse reactions. Section 3 focuses on specific cancers, explaining how and why the various agents discussed in Section 2 are used, both individually and in combination, to treat different cancers.* Integrates aspects of basic science, including chemistry and pharmacology and clinical medicine in relation to cancer therapeutics* Written by an author team comprising specialists in medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, and oncology* Features full-color images throughout illustrating how drugs bind to cellular targets and exert their pharmacological effect* Divided into three sections, covering the etiology and cellular and molecular basis of cancer, anticancer agents, and drug applications for different cancers.Providing the reader with an integrated understanding of all aspects of the science of anticancer agents, this is an ideal textbook for undergraduates studying medicine, nursing, medicinal chemistry, pharmacy, pharmacology and other allied heath / life sciences. It is also a valuable bench reference for pharmacists, medics, and pharmaceutical researchers working in both academia and industry.

Anticancer Therapeutics: From Drug Discovery to Clinical Applications

Preface xiSection 1: Introduction 11.1 The Global Burden of Cancer 3References 111.2 Cancer Staging and Classification 131.2.1 Benign Tumour (or neoplasm) 131.2.2 Malignant Tumour (or cancer) 141.2.3 Tumour Nomenclature and Classification 141.2.4 Cellular Differentiation and Tumour Grade 211.2.5 Tumour Invasion and Metastasis 241.2.6 Clinical Staging of Cancer 26References 361.3 Cellular and Molecular Basis of Cancer 391.3.1 Oncogenes 401.3.2 Tumour Suppressor Genes 451.3.3 Role of Epigenetics and Gene Promoter Regulation in Tumourigenesis 491.3.4 Multistage Tumourigenesis 531.3.5 Oncogene Addiction 541.3.6 Hallmarks of Cancer 551.3.7 Principles of Cancer Treatment 73References 77Section 2: The Anticancer Agents 812.1 Agents Which Act Directly on DNA 832.1.1 Nitrogen Mustards and Nitrosoureas 83References 962.1.2 Temozolomide 98References 1062.1.3 Platinum?]containing Agents 108References 1182.1.4 Gemcitabine 120References 1282.1.5 Camptothecin and Its Analogues 128References 1392.1.6 Podophyllotoxins 141References 1502.1.7 Anthracyclines 151References 1602.1.8 Epigenetic Targeting Agents 162References 1772.2 Antimetabolites 1812.2.1 Cytarabine 181References 1832.2.2 Methotrexate 184References 1952.2.3 5?]Fluorouracil 196References 2052.2.4 6?]Mercaptopurine 206References 2102.3 Antimicrotubule Agents 2112.3.1 Taxanes 211References 2242.3.2 Vinca Alkaloids 225References 2312.4 Anti?]hormonal Agents 2332.4.1 Bicalutamide 233References 2392.4.2 Tamoxifen 240References 2472.4.3 Anastrozole 248References 2542.5 Kinase Inhibitors 2572.5.1 Discovery 2572.5.2 Synthesis 2622.5.3 Mode of Action 2672.5.4 Mechanism of Resistance 2682.5.5 Adverse Drug Reactions 268References 271Section 3: The Cancers 2753.1 Breast Cancer 277Key points 2773.1.1 Epidemiology 2773.1.2 Presentation 2793.1.3 Diagnosis 2823.1.4 Staging 2833.1.5 Treatments 285References 2893.2 Colorectal Cancer 293Key points 2933.2.1 Epidemiology 2933.2.2 Presentation 2943.2.3 Diagnosis 2963.2.4 Staging 2983.2.5 Treatments 299References 3033.3 Leukaemia 307Key points 3073.3.1 Epidemiology 3073.3.2 Presentation 3103.3.3 Diagnosis 3113.3.4 Staging 3133.3.5 Treatments 314References 3193.4 Lung Cancer 323Key points 3233.4.1 Epidemiology 3233.4.2 Presentation 3273.4.3 Diagnosis 3273.4.4 Staging 3303.4.5 Treatments 330References 3373.5 Oesophageal Cancer 339Key points 3393.5.1 Epidemiology 3393.5.2 Presentation 3403.5.3 Diagnosis 3413.5.4 Staging 3443.5.5 Treatments 346References 3503.6 Ovarian Cancer 353Key points 3533.6.1 Epidemiology 3533.6.2 Presentation 3543.6.3 Diagnosis 3563.6.4 Staging 3573.6.5 Treatments 357References 3633.7 Pancreatic Cancer 367Key points 3673.7.1 Epidemiology 3673.7.2 Presentation 3683.7.3 Diagnosis 3703.7.4 Staging 3713.7.5 Treatments 373References 3753.8 Prostate Cancer 379Key points 3793.8.1 Epidemiology 3793.8.2 Presentation 3813.8.3 Diagnosis 3823.8.4 Staging 3843.8.5 Treatments 387References 3913.9 Skin Cancers 393Key points 3933.9.1 Epidemiology 3933.9.2 Presentation 3943.9.3 Diagnosis 3953.9.4 Staging 3963.9.5 Treatments 399References 4033.10 Testicular Cancer 405Key points 4053.10.1 Epidemiology 4053.10.2 Presentation 4073.10.3 Diagnosis 4073.10.4 Staging 4093.10.5 Treatments 409References 414Index 417