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The clearest, most concise coverage of one of the most complex topics in medicine-updated with the latest advances in the field

Clinical Neurology, Eleventh Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of basic and clinical neurology in a concise, digestible format. It links clinical neuroscience to current approaches for accurately diagnosing and effectively treating neurologic disorders. Covering all the advances in molecular biology and genetics, this popular guide emphasizes history-taking and neurologic examination as the cornerstones of diagnosis. All information is thoroughly up-to-date and presented as a practice-oriented approach to neurology based on the patient's presenting symptoms or signs.

Features:

* 350+ tables and figures
* Chapter outlines providing overview of each topic
* Treatment protocols reflecting the most recent advances in the field
* Step-by-step review of the neurologic examination

Lange Clinical Neurology

Chapter 1. NeurologicHistory & Examination



Neurologic examination ofsphincter function



Chapter 2. InvestigativeStudies



Neuromuscular imaging studies



Update on ultrasonography forneuromuscular diagnosis



Chapter 3. Coma



Introduction



Role of prefrontal cortex in consciousness



Causes of coma



Spontaneous intracranialhypotension as a cause of coma



Persistent vegetative state



New imaging insights intopersistent vegetative & minimally conscious states



Treatment of traumatic vegetative &minimally conscious states with amantadine



Chapter 4. ConfusionalStates



Drugs



Serotonin syndrome



Electrolyte disorders



Antidepressant-inducedhyponatremia



Endocrine & metabolic disorders



Mechanisms of impairedhypoglycemia sensing in treated diabetes



Nutritional disorders



Furosemide-induced thiaminedeficiency



Organ system failure



ICU delirium



Postoperative cognitivedysfunction



Meningitis, encephalitis & sepsis



Mechanism of N. meningitidis vascular spread



Dysregulated host inflammatoryresponse in tuberculous meningitis



CSF findings in HIV-infectedpatients with tuberculous meningitis



Tick-borne encephalitis & (re-emergent)yellow fever



Nipah virus encephalitis



Updated diagnostic testing forviral encephalitis



New recommendation on empiricaltreatment of toxoplasmosis in AIDS



Fexinidazole for treatment of Africantrypanosomiasis



Mechanism of meningeal invasion inleukemia



Chapter 5. Dementia& Amnestic Disorders



Introduction



Somatic neuronal mutations in aging and neurodegeneration



Differential diagnosis



Biomarker-based diagnostic algorithms for dementia syndromes



Neurodegenerativeproteinopathies



Tau folding in Alzheimer vs. Pickdisease



Tau-disrupted nucleocytoplasmictransport in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis



Contrasting mechanisms ofaggregate toxicity in neurodegeneration



Herpes simplex virus infection andAlzheimer disease



Inflammation in Alzheimer diseasepathogenesis



Meningeal lymphatics (glymphatics)in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis



Blood pressure and risk of Alzheimerdisease



Relation between epilepsy anddementia



Exercise training in dementia



Sex differences in Alzheimerdisease



Spatial navigation deficits asearly signs of Alzheimer disease



Subjective cognitive decline in relationto Alzheimer disease



Update on biomarkers for Alzheimerdisease



Concomitant neurodegenerativeproteinopathies



Update on clinical trials oftreatments for Alzheimer disease (eg, solanezumab, verubecestat)



Clinical and pathologicalcorrelates of primary progressive aphasia variants



New consensus guidelines fordiagnosis & treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies



Skin prions in Creutzfeldt-Jakobdisease infectivity and diagnosis



Other cerebral disorders



Shunting response to gait vs. dementia in normal pressurehydrocephalus



Normal pressure hydrocephalus vs.neurodegenerative ventriculomegaly



Mild traumatic brain injury & dementia



Systemic disorders



Subclinical hyperthyroidism &dementia



Pseudodementia



Features of memory impairment in depression



Amnestic syndromes



Update on antibody-mediatedencephalitis antigens & treatment



Chapter 6. Headache& Facial Pain



Migraine



Triptans, SSRIs & serotoninsyndrome



CGRP receptor-blocking monoclonalantibodies (eg, erenumab, fremanezumab)



Prochlorperazine plusdiphenhydramine vs. hydromorphone for IV migraine therapy



Vagus nerve stimulation as acute therapyfor migraine



Reconsideration of medicationoveruse headache



Update on sustained release drugs



Safety of migraine drugs in pregnancyand breast-feeding



Cluster headache



CGRPreceptor-blocking monoclonal antibodies



Giant cell arteritis



Tocilizumab for treatment ofgiant-cell arteritis



Intracranial mass



Molecular classification of braintumors



Subventricular zone origin ofglioblastoma multiforme



Nivolumab plus ipilimumab formelanoma brain metastases



Chapter 7. Neuro-OphthalmicDisorders



Update on imaging of optic nervedisorders (optical coherence tomography)



Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy inobstructive sleep apnea



Erectile dysfunction drugs & nonarteritic anterior ischemicoptic neuropathy



Updated consensus management ofpseudotumor cerebri



Update on imaging of giant cellarteritis (ultrasound, MRI, PET)



Charles Bonnet syndrome incortical blindness



Chapter 8. Disordersof Equilibrium



New Figure: Sites of involvement in peripheral vestibular disorders



Peripheral vestibular disorders



Self-treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo



Cerebellar & central vestibulardisorders



Autoimmune septin-5 cerebellarataxia



Cerebellar histiocytosis



Sensory ataxias



Nonataxic symptoms in FriedreichAtaxia



Chapter 9. MotorDisorders



Spinal cord disorders



Ibudilast for treatment of progressivemultiple sclerosis



Simvastatin for cognitivedysfunction in secondary progressivemultiple sclerosis



Clinical differentiation oftransverse myelitis etiologies



Circumferential resectioncord-compressing tumors (vs. decompressive laminectomy)



Anterior horn cell disorders



Kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A) mutationsassociated with ALS



Edaravone for treatment of ALS



Nusinersen for treatment oflater-onset spinal muscular atrophy



Disorders of peripheral nerve



Critical illness neuromyopathy(updating critical illness polyneuropathy) & management



Disorders of neuromuscular transmission



Bilevel positive airway pressure(BiPAP) for myasthenic crisis



Tensilon (R)replaced by Enlon (R) (both edrophonium) for myasthenia testing



Eculizumab for treatment ofmyasthenia gravis



Chapter 10. SensoryDisorders



New Table: Pharmacologic Treatment of Pain



Approach to diagnosis



Neuropathic itch: causes &treatment



Polyneuropathies



Guillain-Barresyndrome associated with bone and digestive organ surgery



Autoantibodies in chronic inflammatory demyelinatingpolyradiculoneuropathy



Polyneuropathy with monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance



Fluoroquinolone-induced polyneuropathy



Patisiran treatment of hereditarytransthyretin-mediated amyloidosis



Chapter 11. MovementDisorders



Parkinsonism



LRRK2 activation in idiopathic Parkinson disease



Postural tremor subtypes in Parkinson disease



Light therapy treatment of Parkinsondisease



Chapter 12. Seizures& Syncope



Seizures



Update on sustained release drugs



Safety of anticonvulsant drugs inpregnancy and breast-feeding



Newly approved anticonvulsantdrugs: clobazam, eslicarbazepine, perampanel,



Cannabidiol for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut& Dravet syndromes



Hypothermia not associated with betteroutcome in status epilepticus



No increased risk of seizures withattention-deficit disorder medications



Syncope



Relative efficacy of nonpharmacologicinterventions for orthostatic hypotension



Chapter 13. Stroke



Approach to diagnosis



Updated epidemiology ofcerebrovascular disease



Focal cerebral ischemia-approach to diagnosis



Temporal trends in ischemic stroke subtypes



Five-year risk of stroke after TIAor minor ischemic stroke (2018 study)



Factors associated with emergencyroom misdiagnosis of stroke



Focal cerebral ischemia-pathophysiology



Skull bone marrow in post-strokeinflammatory response





Focal cerebral ischemia-etiology



New perspectives on cerebral smallvessel disease



Preeclampsia, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and stroke



Late-life systolic and diastolicblood pressure and risk of stroke



Intra-ictal blood pressure and poststroke cognitive impairment



Blood lipid profiles in relationto stroke subtypes



Psychological stress as a risk factor for stroke



Sepsis as a risk factor for stroke



Update on genetics, epidemiology& management of cerebrovascular fibromuscular dysplasia



Update on ischemic stroke incancer patients and its treatment



Stroke risk in occult and manifest cancers



Biopsy vs. imaging findings in primaryCNS vasculitis



Update on patent foramen ovaleclosure for cryptogenic stroke



Effects of sex and aura on strokerisk in migraine



Role of paradoxical embolism instroke in migraineurs



Presentations and treatment updatein cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis



Focal cerebral ischemia-prevention & treatment



LDL cholesterol target levels forsecondary stroke prevention



Stroke prevention in the veryelderly



Hypercoagulability workup for nonatheroscleroticischemic stroke



Aspirin for primary stroke preventionin diabetes mellitus



Diagnosis & management of theantiphospholipid syndrome in stroke prevention



Embolic stroke after leftventricular endocardial ablation



American Heart Association 2018 guidelines for management of acuteischemic stroke



Aspirin +/- clopidogrel for acute ischemic strokeand TIA



Betrixaban vs. enoxaparin forstroke prophylaxis in hospitalized patients



Ezetimibe for stroke prevention inacute coronary syndrome



Rivaroxaban +/-aspirin for secondary stroke prevention



Rivaroxaban vs.aspirin for secondary prevention after cryptogenic stroke



Andexanet alfa for reversing bleeding from factor Xa inhibitor treatment



Timing for initiating statin therapy after acute ischemic stroke



Warfarin vs. vitamin K antagonists for embolic stroke prevention inatrial fibrillation



Reappraisal of endarterectomy forasymptomatic carotid stenosis



Leukoaraiosis & risk of hemorrhage after thrombolysis



Tenecteplase versus alteplase thrombolysis before thrombectomy forischemic stroke



Safety of thrombolysis in patients on non-vitamin K antagonist oralanticoagulants



Time to endovascular treatment and outcome in acute ischemic stroke



Endovascular thrombectomy 6-24hours after stroke onset



MRI-guided thrombolysis for stroke withunknown time of onset



Endovascular therapy for distalintracranial occlusions



Effect of intravenous thrombolysisprior to mechanical thrombectomy on stroke outcome



Effect of interhospital transferon stroke outcome after thrombectomy



EmboTrap thrombectomy for acuteischemic stroke from large-vessel occlusion



Conscious sedation vs. localanesthesia for endovascular treatment of stroke



Cervical nerve transfer for limbparalysis after stroke



Focal cerebral ischemia-complications & rehabilitation



Mechanisms of cardiac complications after stroke



Hyperglycemia & post-strokeinfection



Microbiological etiologies of pneumonia complicating stroke



Post-stroke fatigue and itstreatment



Post-stroke anxiety subtypes



Long-term risk of post-strokeseizures



Mechanisms of motor compensationafter stroke



Robotic exosuits for strokerehabilitation



Intracerebral hemorrhage



Etiology of deep vs. superficial cerebellar hemorrhage



Update on etiology & outcome of perimesencephalic hemorrhage



Risk of intracerebral hemorrhage from warfarin vs. direct oralanticoagulants



Effects of statins on incidence of intracerebral and subarachnoidhemorrhage



Blood pressure target to prevent brain ischemia after intracerebralhemorrhage



Genetics of intracranial aneurysms



Medical vs. interventional therapy for unruptured brain AVMs: results ofrandomized trial



Spetzler-Martin grading scale & treatment of brain AVMs



Update on genetics and bleedingrisk of cranial cavernous malformations



Global cerebral ischemia



Early hyperoxia and neurologicalfunction after cardiac arrest



Epinephrine & neurological outcomeafter cardiac arrest