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In Molecular Diagnostics for Melanoma: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers and clinicians in the field of melanoma provide updated information on biomarkers and assays for diagnosis, prognosis, and assays predicting response to treatment for routine testing. The focus of the volume is on biomarkers with established clinical validity rather than those on early discovery stage. With additional in-depth discussion of the molecular biology and pathology of melanoma, treatment options in adjuvant and metastatic setting, and implications of biomarker testing for clinical management of melanoma patients.

Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include extensive introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Comprehensive and practical, Molecular Diagnostics for Melanoma: Methods and Protocols seeks to provide both clinicians and scientists with technical information and extensive background information on the wide ranging approaches available in the field of diagnostics of melanoma.

Molecular Diagnostics for Melanoma: Methods and Protocols

Part I. Clinical Challenges and Current Status of Treatment of Melanoma

1. Novel Insights/translational Implication from the Emerging Biology of Melanoma

Antoni Ribas

2. Emerging Clinical Issues in Melanoma in the Molecularly Targeted Era

Ryan J. Sullivan and Michael B. Atkins

3. Integrating Molecular Biomarkers Into Current Clinical Management In Melanoma

Ragini Kudchadkar, Geoffrey Gibney, and Vernon K. Sondak

Part II. Biomarkers for Prediction of Response and Resistance to Treatment

4. Advances in Adjuvant Therapy: Potential for Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers

Diwakar Davar, Ahmad A. Tarhini, Helen Gogas, and John M. Kirkwood

5. Immunologic Monitoring of Cancer Vaccine Trials Using the ELISPOT Assay

Lisa H. Butterfield and Mary Jo Buffo

6. Markers for Anti-Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) Therapy in Melanoma

Michael A. Postow, Jianda Yuan, Shigehisa Kitano, Alexander M. Lesokhin, and Jedd D. Wolchok

7. Marker Utility for Combination Therapy

Ester Simeone, Antonio M. Grimaldi, and Paolo A. Ascierto

8. Assaying for BRAF V600E in Tissue and Blood in Melanoma

David J. Panka, James W. Mier, and Ryan J. Sullivan

9. Selecting Patients for KIT Inhibition in Melanoma

Richard D. Carvajal, Omid Hamid, and Cristina R. Antonescu

10. Detecting Mechanisms of Acquired BRAF inhibitor Resistance in Melanoma

Roger Lo and Hubing Shi

11. Current Status of Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers in Melanoma

Danielle Levine and David E. Fisher

12. Chromosomal Copy Number Analysis in Melanoma Diagnostics

Jeffrey P. North, Swapna Vemula, and Boris C. Bastian

13. Construction and Analysis of Multi-Parameter Prognostic Models for Melanoma Outcome

Bonnie E. Gould Rothberg and David L. Rimm

14. Immunohistochemical Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers for Melanoma

Mehdi Nosrati and Mohammed Kashani-Sabet

15. Lymphatic Invasion as a Prognostic Biomarker in Primary Cutaneous Melanoma

Xiaowei Xu, Phyllis A. Gimotty, DuPont Guerry, Giorgos Karakousis, and David E. Elder

16. Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Their Significance in Melanoma Prognosis

Tobias Schatton, Richard A. Scolyer, John F. Thompson, and Martin C. Mihm, Jr.

17. Pathological Staging of Melanoma

David E. Elder

18. Genotyping of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Ancestral Haplotypes as Prognostic Marker in Cancer Using PCR Analysis

Lisa Villabona, Emilia Andersson, Maddalena Marchesi, and Giuseppe V. Masucci

19. B7-H Abnormalities in Melanoma and Clinical Relevance

Barbara Seliger

20. Melanoma Susceptibility Genes and Risk Assessment

Alexander Marxuka-Alcalá, Michele Jacobs Gabree, and Hensin Tsao

Part IV. Uveal Melanoma

21. Clinical, Pathologic, and Imaging Features, and Biological Markers of Uveal Melanoma

Hans E. Grossniklaus and Alia B. Rashid

22. A Prognostic Test to Predict Risk of Metastasis in Uveal Melanoma Based on a 15-Gene Expression Profile

J. William Harbour

23. Molecular Karyotyping for Detection of Prognostic Markers in Fine Needle Aspirate Biopsy Samples of Uveal Melanoma

Arupa Ganguly, Jennifer Richards-Yutz, and Kathryn G. Ewens

Part V. Emerging Markers/Targets in Melanoma

24. ERBB4 Mutation Analysis: Emerging Molecular Target for Melanoma Treatment

Christopher Lau, Keith J. Killian, Yardena Samuels, and Udo Rudloff

25. Epigenetic Markers of Prognosis in Melanoma

Luca Sigalotti, Elisabetta Fratta, Giulia Parisi, Sandra Coral, and Michele Maio

26. Isolation of Melanoma Cell Subpopulations Using Negative Selection

Ana Slipicevic, Rajasekharan Somasundaram, Katrin Sproesser, and Meenhard Herlyn

27. Circulating Tumor Cells as Prognostic Biomarkers in Cutaneous Melanoma Patients

Eiji Kiyohara, Keisuke Hata, Stella Lam, and Dave S. B. Hoon

28. Detection of Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) in Melanoma

Yangyang Wang, Francesco Sabbatino, Xinhui Wang, and Soldano Ferrone

29. Targeting Damage Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules (DAMPs) and DAMP Receptors in Melanoma

Brian A. Boone and Michael T. Lotze

30. The Clinical Use of PET/CT in the Evaluation of Melanoma

Khun Visith Keu and Andrei H. Iagaru

Part VI. Emerging Technologies for Marker Validation

31. Immune System Functional Pathway Analysis Using Single Cell Network Profiling (SCNP): A Novel Tool in Cancer Immunotherapy

Alessandra Cesano

32. Quantitative and Spatial Image Analysis of Tumor and Draining Lymph Nodes Using Immunohistochemistry and High Resolution Multispectral Imaging to Predict Metastasis

Kim R.M. Blenman and Peter P. Lee

33. COLD-PCR Enriches Low-Level Variant DNA Sequences and Increases the Sensitivity of Genetic Testing

Elena Castellanos-Rizaldos, Coren A. Milbury, Minakshi Guha, and G. Mike Makrigiorgos

34. Isolation of Circulating MicroRNAs from Microvesicles found in Human Plasma

John F. Quackenbush, Pamela B. Cassidy, Lawrence M. Pfeffer, Kenneth M. Boucher, Jason E. Hawkes, Susan R. Pfeffer, Levy Kopelovich, and Sancy A. Leachman

35. Detection of Circulating Tumor Cells by Photoacustic Flowmetry

Ryan M. Weight and James A. Viator

Part VII. Marker Validation Requirements for Clinical Applicability

36. Statistical Design and Evaluation of Biomarker Studies

Kevin K. Dobbin

37. Tissue Resources for Clinical Use and Marker Studies in Melanoma

Jonathan L. Curry, Michael A. Davies, Tiffany L. Calderone, Katherine Nathanson, Victor G. Prieto, and Jeffrey Gershenwald.