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Pine forests face a global threat of pine wilt disease, which is being spread by vector beetles carrying pathogenic nematodes from dead trees to healthy ones. Among the host pines there are varying degrees of susceptibility, and nematode strains also contain a variety of virulences, both of which factors help to determine whether infected host trees will die or survive. As well, biotic and abiotic environmental factors influence the fate of infected trees. This book describes the history of the disease, pathogenic nematodes, vector beetles, the etiology and ecology of the disease, microorganisms involved, and control methods that utilize host resistance and biological control agents. Concrete, comprehensive, and the most up-to-date knowledge about this worldwide forest epidemic is presented for readers, enabling them to understand the nature and epidemic threat of pine wilt disease.

Pine Wilt Disease

Foreword Preface Contributors Part I Historical Overview 1: Introduction
Kazuyoshi Futai 2: Pine Wilt in Japan: From First Incidence to the Present
Kazuyoshi Futai 3: A Brief Overview of The Pine Wood Nematode and Pine Wilt Disease in Canada and The United States
Jack R. Sutherland 4: Pine Wilt Disease in China
Bo Guang Zhao 5: Pine Wilt Disease in Korea
Sang-Chul Shin 6: Pine Wilt Disease in Portugal
Manuel M. Mota and Paulo C. Vieira 7: Concluding Remarks
Kazuyoshi Futai Part II Pine Wood Nematode 8: Introduction
Natsumi Kanzaki 9: Taxonomy and Systematics of the Nematode Genus Bursaphelenchus (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae)
Natsumi Kanzaki 10: Parasitism Genes of the Pine Wood Nematode
Taisei Kikuchi 11: Embryology and Cytology of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Koichi Hasegawa and Johji Miwa 12: Population Ecology of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Shuhei Takemoto 13: Transmission Biology of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in Relation to Its Insect Vector
Takuya Aikawa 14: Concluding Remarks
Natsumi Kanzaki Part III The Vector Beetle 15: Introduction
Katsumi Togashi 16: Vector?Host Tree Relationships and the Abiotic Environment
Katsunori Nakamura-Matori 17: Vector?Nematode Relationships and Epidemiology in Pine Wilt Disease
Katsumi Togashi 18: Molecular Ecology of Vectors
Etsuko Shoda-Kagaya 19: Concluding Remarks
Katsumi Togashi Part IV Host Responses and Wilting Mechanisms 20: Introduction
Keiko Kuroda 21: Physiological Incidences Related to Symptom Development and Wilting Mechanism
Keiko Kuroda 22: Biochemical Responses in Pine Trees Affected by Pine Wilt Disease
Toshihiro Yamada 23: Host Fate Following Infection by the Pine Wood Nematode
Yuko Takeuchi 24: The Role of Bacteria Associated with the Pine Wood Nematode in Pathogenicity
and Toxin-Production Related to Pine Wilt
Bo Guang Zhao and Rong Gui Li 25: Concluding Remarks
Toshihiro Yamada Part V Related Microbes 26: Introduction
Noritoshi Maehara 27: Bacteria Carried by the Pine Wood Nematode and Their Symbiotic Relationship with the Nematode
Bo Guang Zhao 28: Nematode Fauna and Fungal Flora in Infected Pine Trees
Rina Sriwati 29: Interactions of Pine Wood Nematodes, Wood-Inhabiting Fungi, and Vector Beetles
Noritoshi Maehara 30: Concluding Remarks
Noritoshi Maehara