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This book is useful both for those who want to get initial information on the measurement of the antenna parameters, and for specialists directly involved in the experimental determination of the antenna parameters from the results of measuring the amplitude-phase distribution in the near zone of the antennas. Currently, the near-field method is the most common one for antenna measurements. In most books, an academic approach is given to the issue under consideration and it is difficult to use them for the direct organization of measurements. In many others, specific narrow issues are considered that are accessible to understanding only by highly qualified engineers/readers. The purpose of this book is to get rid of the above disadvantages by offering the reader a more accessible exposition and formulas by which appropriate computer programs can be written with minimal effort. The contents of this book allow interested specialists to be not only users of the near-field measuring facilities, but also help in understanding the principles of their work. This book is intended for engineers and specialists whose activities are related to experimental testing of radio characteristics of complex antenna systems, especially near-field measurements, and is also useful as a textbook for senior students in the field of "radioelectronics" and "radiophysics."

Near-Field Antenna Measurements: Calculations and Facility Design

INTRODUCTION

SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

CHAPTER 1 RADIO CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTENNAS

1.1 The role of antennas in radio systems

1.2 The structure of electromagnetic fields excited by the antenna

1.3 Internal parameters of transmitting antennas
1.4 The external parameters of transmitting antennas

1.5 Radio characteristics of receiving antennas

CHAPTER 2 METHODS OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIO CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTENNAS (BRIEF OVERVIEW)

2.1 Measurements in the far zone

2.2 The compact antenna test range method (CATR, the collimator method)

2.3 The near-field measurement method

2.4 The combined method

CHAPTER 3. PLANAR NEAR-FIELD ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS: CALCULATION EXPRESSIONS

3.1 Electrodynamic fundamentals of the amplitude-phase measurements

3.2. Derivation of calculating formulas based on the Kirchhoff approximation

3.3 Analysis of calculating expressions based on the solution of a homogeneous wave equation

3.4 Discrete analogs of integral transforms

3.5 Probe correction

3.6 Gain measurement

3.7 Methods for numerical calculation of integral sums

3.8 Measurement errors when scanning on a planar surface

CHAPTER 4. PLANAR NEAR-FIELD FACILITY: ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL PARTS, SOFTWARE

4.1 Generalities

4.2 Facility block scheme

4.3 Mechanical part of the facility

4.4. Linear encoders
4.5 Rotary supports

4.6. Probes and variants of its mounting

4.7. Ampliphasemeters

4.8. DUT aligning

4.9. Facility software

CHAPTER 5. SPHERICAL NEAR-FIELD ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS

5.1 Problem statement, basic coordinate systems

5.2 Selecting the size of the scan area and the radius of the measurement sphere

5.3 The algorithm to calculate RP based on the measurement results.

5.4 Probe correction

5.5 Algorithms for calculating antenna directivity and gain based on measurement results.

5.6 Algorithm for calculating antenna aperture field based on spherical amplitude-phase measurements

5.7 Errors in spherical measurements

5.8 Kinematic schemes of the spherical near-field facilities.

Chapter 6. ANTENNA TESTING

6.1. Tests purpose and objective

6.2. Laboratory tests

6.3. Mechanical tests

6.4. Climatic tests

6.5. Flight tests

6.6. Methods for antenna radiation pattern measurement at model aircrafts