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The Silk Road is as iconic in world history as the Colossus of Rhodes or the Suez Canal. But what was it, exactly? It conjures up a hazy image of a caravan of camels laden with silk on a dusty desert track, reaching from China to Rome. The reality was different-and far more interesting-as revealed in this new history.

In The Silk Road, Valerie Hansen describes the remarkable archeological finds that revolutionize our understanding of these trade routes. For centuries, key records remained hidden-sometimes deliberately buried by bureaucrats for safe keeping. But the sands of the Taklamakan Desert have revealed fascinating material, sometimes preserved by illiterate locals who recycled official documents to make insoles for shoes or garments for the dead. Hansen explores seven oases along the road,
from Xi'an to Samarkand, where merchants, envoys, pilgrims, and travelers mixed in cosmopolitan communities, tolerant of religions from Buddhism to Zoroastrianism. There was no single, continuous road, but a chain of markets that traded between east and west. China and the Roman Empire had very little direct
trade. China's main partners were the peoples of modern-day Iran, whose tombs in China reveal much about their Zoroastrian beliefs. Silk was not the most important good on the road; paper, invented in China before Julius Caesar was born, had a bigger impact in Europe, while metals, spices, and glass were just as important as silk. Perhaps most significant of all was the road's transmission of ideas, technologies, and artistic motifs.

The Silk Road is a fascinating story of archeological discovery, cultural transmission, and the intricate chains across Central Asia and China. Richly illustrated, The Silk Road: A New History is a monumental work of synthesis... It is a celebration of the drudgery of sifting ancient trash, of the painstaking work of recovering multilingual documents found in fragments, clumps, and, at the Mogao Caves, one great bibliographical hoard... Whether in Sogdian, Khotanese, Kuchean, or Uighur languages that make the discoveries of early Chinese texts seem almost pedestrian it is the decipherment of these
lost languages that allows Hansen to bring the Silk Road so fully to life.... Summarizing more than a century of research, it is unlikely to be surpassed till the discoveries of another generation demand incorporation. * Nile Green, Los Angeles Review of Books * A much-needed critical synthesis of scholarship that will appeal to scholars, students, and general readers. [Hansen's] lively writing brings each town to life. The clear prose, numerous maps and illustrations, and animated tales of the Silk Road's travelers and explorers will make Hansen's book a classroom favorite. * CHOICE * Hansen's debunking of the myth displays scholarship of the highest order ... This remarkable book not only disposes of a false image of the Silk Road, it restores a lost world to our understanding * Dominic Green, Minerva * Every thread in the history of the legendary Silk Road is exposed in this new history which used archaeological evidence to give a new perspective * Steve Craggs, Northern Echo * the author wastes no time debunking everything you knew about this ancient trade route * Laura Cole, Geographical * An impressively well-researched book exploring the documentation of many different cultures and people along the many routes known as the Silk Road. Readers of Asian or world history will learn much from and thoroughly enjoy this book." * Library Journal * The Silk Road: A New History...is well worth a serious look by historians of other regions and periods for its thoughtful and innovative consideration of the historical craft of turning the raw materials of many media into a compelling historical account. * Carla Nappi, Tang Studies * This book meets the challenge of being lively, readable, and at the same time extremely learned and up-to-date. In all respects a success. * Etienne de la Vaissiere, EHESS, Paris * Valerie Hansen overturns the traditional view of the 'straight and well-travelled' Silk Road, as well as the notion that silk was of prime significance. Instead she reveals in detail the life, history, and culture of the different oasis centers of Central Asia, making the latest work by Chinese, Russian, Japanese, and other scholars available to us all. It is a triumph. * Frances Wood, Curator of the Chinese Collections, British Library * Erudite and engaging, this is no romantic tale of the Silk Road. Hansen challenges many of the conventional narratives of the crossroads of Eurasia. In place of large long distance commercial caravans, she finds subsistence living and local barter. Instead of merchants, she finds the Chinese military played the most important role in bringing silk onto the Silk Road. But the region is no less fascinating for all her debunking of old tropes. She skillfully weaves
ancient records with modern explorations of the Silk Road to bring that past alive, especially the tolerant religious diversity of the region before Islam came to dominate around the year 1000. A wonderful read that will send you packing your bags! * Gray Tuttle, Columbia University * Valerie Hansen's The Silk Road is the most readable and reliable historical account of the fabled trade routes that cut across the center of Eurasia in medieval times. Based upon original sources and the best scholarship, the author's narrative is enriched by first-hand investigations in the field and extensive examination of artifacts in numerous museums. Handsomely illustrated, this volume brings to life as never before the men and animals who travelled
from one Central Asian oasis to the next, conveying goods, ideas, art, music, and religions. * Victor H. Mair, University of Pennsylvania *

The Silk Road: A New History

Acknowledgments ; Introduction ; 1. At the Crossroads of Central Asia: The Kingdom of Kroraina ; 2. Gateway to the Languages of the Silk Road: Kucha and the Kizil Caves ; 3. Midway Between China and Iran: Turfan ; 4. Homeland of the Sogdians, the Silk Road Traders: Samarkand and Sogdiana ; 5. The Cosmopolitan Terminus of the Silk Road: Historic Chang'an, Modern-day Xi'an ; 6. The Time Capsule of Silk Road History: The Dunhuang Caves ; 7. Entryway into Xinjiang for Buddhism and Islam: Khotan ; Conclusion: The History of the Overland Routes through Central Asia ; Notes ; Index