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Since the beginning of human history, people have depended on the natural resources of Earth for the basics of survival: food, water, energy, and shelter. As civilizations advanced, their needs became greater and their impact on the natural world grew more intrusive. Teen Guides to Environmental Science presents a comprehensive look at the current state of our environment and what needs to be done to repair the damage and move toward a sustainable society. Beginning in Volume 1 with an explanation of the earth's systems and its ecology, the authors then present an in-depth look at each of the land and water biomes and their climates. Volume 2 covers land, water, and energy resources. Volume 3 is devoted to the history of the human population in both agricultural and industrial societies, food supply, energy requirements, economics, communication, transportation, and technology. Volume 4 examines the human impact on the environment, including air and water pollution, soil erosion and deforestation, the impact on wildlife, and the problems of disease and toxic wastes. Finally, Volume 5 discusses how the environment, the economy, and social concerns must all be taken into consideration to create a sustainable environment. More than 500 images, timelines, lists of environmental organizations and agencies, and over 100 suggested activities for students provide further information on one of the most important and debated topics of the 21st century.

Teen Guides to Environmental Science 5 vols

Acknowledgments Introduction CHAPTER 1 Earth Systems Biosphere Lithosphere Earths Crust and Mantle Rocks Earths Surface Is Broken Up Soil Development Atmosphere Atmospheric Gases Greenhouse Effect Layers of the Atmosphere Climate Hydrosphere Oceans Freshwater Bodies Wetlands CHAPTER 2 Earths Biosphere Ecosystems Biomes Living Organisms in the Ecosystem Archaebacteria Eubacteria Protists Fungi Plants Animals Adaptation of Species Predation Competition Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism Populations and Communities Populations Communities CHAPTER 3 How Ecosystems Work Producers Photosynthesis Chemosynthesis Consumers Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores Scavengers and Decomposers Energy Flows Through Ecosystems Food Chain Feeding Levels Food Webs Pyramid of Energy Other Ecological Pyramids Matter Flows Through Ecosystems Water Cycle or Hydrological Cycle Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Phosphorus Cycle Calcium Cycle CHAPTER 4 Land Biomes: Forests Taiga Forests Taiga Forest Ecosystem Environmental Concerns of Taiga Forests Temperate Forests Temperate Deciduous Forests Temperate Rain Forests Tropical Rain Forests Rain Forest Ecosystem Animal Species Mutualistic Interactions Environmental Concerns of Tropical Rain Forests Urban Forests Benefits of Urban Forests Environmental Concerns of Urban Forests CHAPTER 5 Other Land Biomes Grasslands Temperate Grasslands Tropical Grasslands or Savannas Environmental Concerns of Grasslands Deserts Life in the Desert Environmental Concerns of Deserts Chaparral Environmental Concerns of the Chaparral Tundra Permafrost Tundra Plants Environmental Concerns of the Tundra CHAPTER 6 Water Biomes Plankton Freshwater Biomes Rivers Ponds and Lakes Freshwater Swamps, Marshes, and Bogs Marine Biomes Estuaries Rocky Shores or Intertidal Zones Coastal Ocean or the Neritic Zone Open Ocean Zone CHAPTER 7 Changes in the Ecosystem Impact of Natural Disasters on Ecosystems Floods and Forest Fires Earthquakes and Volcanoes Hurricanes,Typhoons, and Monsoons Ecological Succession Primary Succession Secondary Succession Pioneer Species Succession in Aquatic Ecosystems Impact of Evolution on Ecosystems Impact of Extinction on Ecosystems Impact of Humans on Ecosystems Air Pollution Water Pollution Appendix A: Environmental Timeline, 16202004 Appendix B: Endangered Species by State Appendix C: Websites by Classification Appendix D: Environmental Organizations Volume II Acknowledgments Introduction CHAPTER 1Conventional Energy Sources Fossil Fuels Petroleum Resources Natural Gas Coal Resources CHAPTER 2 Nuclear Energy World Use of Nuclear Energy Nuclear Energy Basics Nuclear Power Plants How Nuclear Reactors Function Components of a Nuclear Reactor Types of Reactors Pros and Cons of Using Nuclear Energy Nuclear Fusion The Future of Nuclear Energy CHAPTER 3 Alternative Energy Resources Wind Energy Wind Farms and Plants Environmental Concerns of Wind Power Hydroelectric Power Mini-Hydros Environmental Concerns of Hydroelectric Power Solar Energy Passive Solar Heating Systems Active Solar Heating Systems Solar Photovoltaic Cell (PV) Geothermal Energy Advantages of Geothermal Power Plants Environmental Concerns of Geothermal Energy Biomass Fuelwood Biofuel Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Environmental Concerns of OTEC Hydrogen Fuel Cell Some Concerns of Fuel Cells CHAPTER 4 Land Resources: Soil and Minerals Soil Resources Importance of Soil Soil Formation Some Properties of Soil Soil Profile The Influence of Soil on Land Uses World Distribution of Soils Minerals Composition of Minerals Mineral Groups Mining and Smelting the Minerals CHAPTER 5 Land Resources: Forests Forests Contributions Fuelwood Wood Products Paper Products Non-Timber Products: Food and Other Materials Medicinal Uses of Forest Products Environmental Concerns of Forests CHAPTER 6 Water: A Basic Resource Freshwater Uses The Water Cycle Freshwater Sources Use of Water for Irrigation Oceans: Saltwater Resources Food Sources from the Ocean Aquaculture Ocean Minerals CHAPTER 7 Wildlife and Wilderness Resources Wildlife Refuges National Wildlife Refuge System Wilderness Conservation Parks and Forests National Park System National Forest System U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Establishment of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Endangered Species Act Bureau of Land Management River Systems and National Trails Wild and Scenic Rivers Act National Trails System Appendix A: Environmental Timeline, 16202004 Appendix B: Endangered Species by State Appendix C: Websites by Classification Appendix D: Environmental Organizations Index Volume III Acknowledgments Introduction CHAPTER 1 Prehistoric Human Societies in the Stone Age Paleolithic Period Hunting and Gathering Societies Old Stone Age Stone Age Technology Putting Stone Tools to W