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This exciting new publication is the first authoritative resource on the market with an exclusive focus on Trigger Point ((TrP) dry needling. It provides a detailed and up-to-date scientific perspective against which TrP dry needling can be best understood.

The first section of the book covers important topics such as the current understanding and neurophysiology of the TrP phenomena, safety and hygiene, the effect of needling on fascia and connective tissue, and an account on professional issues surrounding TrP dry needling. The second section includes a detailed and well-illustrated review of deep dry needling techniques of the most common muscles throughout the body. The third section of the book describes several other needling approaches, such as superficial dry needling, dry needling from a Western Acupuncture perspective, intramuscular stimulation, and Fu’s subcutaneous needling.

Trigger Point Dry Needling brings together authors who are internationally recognized specialists in the field of myofascial pain and dry needling.

• First book of its kind to include different needling approaches (in the context of evidence) for the management of neuromuscular pain conditions
• Highlights both current scientific evidence and clinicians’ expertise and experience
• Multi-contributed by a team of top international experts
• Over 200 illustrations supporting the detailed description of needling techniques

Trigger Point Dry Needling

• Cover image


• Title page


• Table of Contents


• Copyright


• Dedication


• Foreword by Leon Chaitow ND, DO


• Foreword by Robert D. Gerwin MD


• Preface


• Acknowledgements


• Contributors


• Part 1: Basis of trigger point dry needling


• Chapter 1: Basic concepts of myofascial trigger points (TrPs)


• Myofascial trigger point (TrP) overview


• Neurophysiological basis of muscle referred pain


• Neurophysiological aspects of muscle/TrPs


• Sensitization mechanisms of TrPs


• Sympathetic facilitation of local and referred muscle pain


• Pathophysiology of TrPs: the integrated hypothesis


• Other hypothetical models


• Chapter 2: Proposed mechanisms and effects of trigger point dry needling


• Introduction


• Mechanisms and effects of trigger point dry needling


• Summary


• Chapter 3: Part 1: Effects of acupuncture needling on connective tissue


• Needles and connective tissue


• What are the consequences of mechanical stimulation of connective tissue?


• Conclusion


• Chapter 3: Part 2: Fascia and dry needling


• Introduction


• Brief update on fascia


• Fascia and trigger points (TrPs)


• Summary


• Chapter 4: Trigger point dry needling: safety guidelines


• Safety Considerations


• Trigger point dry needling: safety


• Hygiene


• Contraindications and precautions


• Anatomical considerations


• Procedural safety issues


• General guidelines for principles of practice


• Patient selection


• Principles of dry needling application


• Electrical stimulation via dry needles


• Summary (Figure 4.1)


• Acknowledgement


• Chapter 5: Professional controversies and dry needling


• Introduction: scope of practice


• Acupuncture opposition to dry needling by non-acupuncturists


• Counter-arguments


• Traditional Chinese Music


• Additional concerns


• Summary


• Part 2: Clinical and evidence-informed approach of TrP dry needling


• Chapter 6: Deep dry needling of the head and neck muscles


• Introduction


• Clinical presentation of TrPs in head and neck pain syndromes


• Dry needling of head muscles


• Dry needling of neck-shoulder muscles


• Chapter 7: Deep dry needling of the shoulder muscles


• Introduction


• Clinical relevance of myofascial trigger points (TrPs) in shoulder pain syndromes


• Dry needling of the shoulder muscles


• Chapter 8: Deep dry needling of the arm and hand muscles


• Introduction


• Clinical relevance of TrPs in arm and hand pain syndromes


• Dry needling of the arm and hand muscles


• Chapter 9: Deep dry needling of the trunk muscles


• Introduction


• Clinical relevance of TrPs in syndromes related to the trunk


• Dry needling of the trunk muscles


• Chapter 10: Deep dry needling of the hip, pelvis and thigh muscles


• Introduction


• Dry needling of the abdominal, hip, pelvis, and thigh muscles


• Chapter 11: Deep dry needling of the leg and foot muscles


• Introduction


• Clinical relevance of TrPs in leg and foot pain syndromes


• Dry needling of the leg and foot muscles


• Part 3: Other dry needling approaches


• Chapter 12: Superficial dry needling


• Introduction


• Superficial dry needling


• Variable reactivity to needle-evoked nerve stimulation


• Procedure recommended for the carrying out of SDN


• The initial consultation


• Systematic search for trigger points (TrPs)


• Muscle stretching exercises


• Measures to be taken to prevent trigger point (TrP) reactivation


• Summary


• Chapter 13: Dry needling from a Western medical acupuncture perspective


• Introduction and historical development


• Neurophysiological mechanisms of the technique


• Clinical research


• Clinical application of the technique


• Summary


• Chapter 14: Intramuscular stimulation (IMS)


• Introduction


• Neurophysiological mechanism of Gunn-IMS


• Historical development of Gunn-IMS (Fig. 14.2)


• Clinical application of Gunn-IMS


• Case study example


• Chapter 15: Fu’s subcutaneous needling


• Concept and terminology


• Origin of Fu’s subcutaneous needling


• Development of FSN


• FSN manipulations


• Precautions, contraindications, and management of side-effects


• Factors that influence FSN effects


• FSN features


• Acknowledgment


• Index