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This book describes a series of contemporary techniques and their combinations used for CNTs solubilization, from physical to chemical and biological, applying inorganic and organic compounds, as well as some metal complexes. In some cases, successive steps can be applied, for instance the use of low and high-weight surfactants, or mineral acid treatment for creation of -OH and -COOH groups and their further interaction with organic molecules. Each discussed method leads to an improvement of CNT solubility, frequently a considerable one. The formed dispersions can be stable for long periods of time, from several weeks to some months, and they sometimes even remain stable after centrifugation. Several special studies have been carried out in the areas of influence of solvent and light on CNTs dispersibility, combinations and abilities of surfactants, CNT cytotoxicity, etc. Applications of solubilized CNTs are discussed in this book as well.

Solubilization and Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes

Preface (Introduction)

Physical methods

Ultrasonication

Hydro(solvo)thermal reactions

Plasma and irradiation techniques

Microwave treatment

Functionalization of CNTs through chemical methods

Inorganic compounds

Other carbon allotropes and their derivatives

Compounds in elemental form

CO₂ and SiO₂

Inorganic acids and their mixtures

Inorganic salts

Inorganic peroxides

Organic acids and salts

Grignard Reagents

Functionalization with Compounds Containing Alkyl and Aromatic Moieties

Functionalization with Aliphatic and Aromatic Amine-(amido)-Containing Moieties

Functionalization with Sulfur-Containing Moieties

Functionalization with Macrocycles

Other organic and coordination compounds

Polymer-assisted dispersion of CNTs

Natural products

Sugars and biomolecules

Special comparative studies and techniques for understanding CNT dispersion

Dispersion of CNTs in solvents

Comparison of surfactant abilities

Combinations of surfactants

UV- and visible-light influence

Selected studies on carboxylated and amine-functionalized CNTs

Purification of Soluble CNTs

Special Studies of the Reactivity of Soluble CNTs toward Active Oxygen Sources

Other particular studies

Comparison of dispersion of SWCNTs and MWCNTs

Main Applications of Soluble CNTs

Conclusions and further outlook