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This manual is based on the knowledge and decades of experience of a medical centre of state-of-the-art healing, the globally renowned Bircher-Benner-Klinik, now called the Centre for Scientific Natural Medicine Bircher-Benner. This manual is a great help for patients in that it supports their active contribution to the healing and prevention of disease. It gives patients insight into the scientific basis and causes of their disease, and provides valuable instruction for dietetics, care and physical applications. The manual explains dietetics in a gradual manner-ready for simple, practical applications-and provides tasty, diverse, tried-and-tested diet recipes from the Bircher-Benner-Klinik. For the doctor, this book is a great time saver and valuable aid in guiding patients.Dr. med. Andres Bircher grandson of Dr.med. Maximilian Bircher-Benner.Medical studies in Zürich and Geneva, ten years practice as a hospital physician in anaesthesiology, intensive care, emergency medicine, surgery, paediatrics, psychosomatics, haematology, geriatrics, psychiatry and psychotherapy, medical specialist(Facharzt) in an administrative position at Zürich university hospitals, teaching analysis with Brian Kenny, chief physician (Chefarzt) of a hospital for internal medicine in Zurich and later in Western Switzerland, medical specialist (Facharzt) in TCM and acupuncturist in Vienna; studies of neural therapy, manual therapy and traditional homeopathy, successful completion of medical specialist (Facharzt) training in balneology, climatology and physical medicine in Germany, scientific work on food energies, dietetics and the effects of regulatory medicine.Dr. med. Andres Bircher is the medical manager of the Centre for Scientific Natural Medicine Bircher-Benner.

Bircher-Benner Manual for diabetics

Preface 7The nature of diabetes (diabetes mellitus) 9The warning signs for diabetes mellitus 9The blood glucose level 9The standard value of the blood glucose level 10Measuring the blood glucose level 11The glucose tolerance test (oGTT) 11Regulation of the blood glucose level 12Correction of an excessive glucose level in the blood 13Glucose utilisation in the mitochondria of the cells 13Correction of insufficient blood sugar levels 14The effect of stress on the blood glucose level 14Sugar excretion in urine 14Excretion of ketone bodies in the urine 15Different types of diabetes mellitus 16Type 1 diabetes mellitus 17The causes of type 1 diabetes 17The processes in type 1 diabetes 19The clinical symptoms of type 1 diabetes 19Type 2 diabetes mellitus 21Generally accepted partial causes of type 2 diabetes 21Genetic risk factors for type 2 diabetes 21Other partial causes due to lifestyle 22Illness, wound healing, physical stress and lack of movement 22Sugar metabolism and arteriosclerosis 22Glycaemic index and glycaemic charge 24The Glycaemic Index (GI) 24The glycaemic load (GL) 24Secondary diseases of diabetes mellitus 25The physical damage from sugar 25Exogenous glycation 25Endogenous glycation 26Endothelial dysfunction and arteriosclerosis 27Late consequences of diabetes mellitus in the cardiovascular system 29High blood pressure and diabetes 29Diabetes and arteriosclerosis 29Diabetic foot syndrome 29Oxidative stress at the centre of the causes of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia 31Diabetic polyneuropathy 33Diabetic retinopathy 34Diabetic maculopathy 35Conventional treatment of retinopathy 35Surgical treatment of diabetic retinopathy 35Diabetic nephropathy 36Generally accepted risk factors for diabetic nephropathy 37The stages of diabetic nephropathy (according to Mogensen) 37Gestational diabetes 39The following risk factors are generally recognised 39Pregnancy with diabetic nephropathy 40Medical treatment of diabetes mellitus 41Insulin therapy 41Types of insulin 41Methods of insulin injection 43Forms of insulin therapy 43Therapy protocol 44Insulin therapy at shift work or irregular daily rhythm 44Inexplicable blood sugar fluctuations 45Insulin therapy for type 2 diabetes 45Basal supported oral therapy (BOT) 45Treatment with the insulin pump 45The basis-bolus principle 46The insulin pump with hybrid closed loop system 46Adjusting the insulin pump 46Sensor-supported pump therapy (SuP) 47Treatment of Diabetes type 1 and generally accepted treatment targets 48Treatment of type 2 diabetes 49Quitting smoking as part of the basic treatment for diabetes mellitus 49Diabetes and alcohol 50Coffee and diabetes mellitus 50Treatment of type 2 diabetes according to the guidelines of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Diabetes 52Tables for ideal weight 54The ideal weight of adult men 54The ideal weight of adult women 55The problem of food energy 56Diabetes medicines (antidiabetics), effect and side effects 57Non-insulinotropic antidiabetics 57Insulinotropic antidiabetics 58On insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes 58Hypoglycaemia 58Treatment of hypoglycaemia 59Order therapy for diabetes mellitus 60Two kinds of food energy 60The basic regulation system of the soft connective tissue 61The meaning of food economy 61The integral law of nutrition 63Vibrancy of food 63Secondary plant substances (phytochemicals) with an antidiabetic effect 63The mineral metabolism in diabetes mellitus 64Medicinal herbs for treating diabetes 64The meaning of movement 65General directives for order therapy for diabetes 66Regarding the diet 66Quantity of food 68Principles of the Bircher-Benner diet and orde