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This book is an exposition of recent progress on the Donaldson-Thomas (DT) theory. The DT invariant was introduced by R. Thomas in 1998 as a virtual counting of stable coherent sheaves on Calabi-Yau 3-folds. Later, it turned out that the DT invariants have many interesting properties and appear in several contexts such as the Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas conjecture on curve-counting theories, wall-crossing in derived categories with respect to Bridgeland stability conditions, BPS state counting in string theory, and others. 
Recently, a deeper structure of the moduli spaces of coherent sheaves on Calabi-Yau 3-folds was found through derived algebraic geometry. These moduli spaces admit shifted symplectic structures and the associated d-critical structures, which lead to refined versions of DT invariants such as cohomological DT invariants. The idea of cohomological DT invariants led to a mathematical definition of the Gopakumar-Vafa invariant, which was first proposed by Gopakumar-Vafa in 1998, but its precise mathematical definition has not been available until recently.
This book surveys the recent progress on DT invariants and related topics, with a focus on applications to curve-counting theories.

Recent Progress on the Donaldson-Thomas Theory: Wall-Crossing and Refined Invariants

1Donaldson-Thomas invariants on Calabi-Yau 3-folds.- 2Generalized Donaldson-Thomas invariants.- 3Donaldson-Thomas invariants for quivers with super-potentials.- 4Donaldson-Thomas invariants for Bridgeland semistable objects.- 5Wall-crossing formulas of Donaldson-Thomas invariants.- 6Cohomological Donaldson-Thomas invariants.- 7Gopakumar-Vafa invariants.- 8Some future directions.