Wydawnictwo | Springer, Berlin |
Data wydania | |
Liczba stron | 284 |
Forma publikacji | książka w miękkiej oprawie |
Język | angielski |
ISBN | 9783642864575 |
Kategorie | Chemia fizyczna |
Dynamics of Gas-Surface Interaction: Proceedings of the International School on Material Science and Technology, Erice, Italy, July 1-15, 1981
I. Scattering of Atoms from SolidSurfaces.- Theory of Atom-Surface Scattering.- 1. Lecture I.- 1.1 Scatteringfrom a Periodic Potential.- 1.2 Numerical Methods and Phase Shifts.- 1.3 CloseCoupling Calculations.- 1.4 The Distorted Wave Born Approximation.- 2. LectureII.- 2.1 Formal Scattering Theory.- 2.2 Partial Processes.- 3. Lecture III.-3.1 Semiclassical Methods.- 3.2 Scattering from a Hard Corrugated Surface(HCS).- 3.3 Eikonal and Kirchoff Approximations.- 4. Lecture IV.- 4.1Introduction.- 4.2 Kinematics.- 4.3 Resonant Scattering Formalism.- 4.4Resonance Line Shapes.- References.- He Diffraction from SemiconductorSurfaces. Lecture I: Si(100).- 1. Introduction.- 2. Si (100): Disordered DimerArray.- 2.1 Si(100) Periodicity.- 2.2 Diffraction Scans and a QualitativeFeature of the Si(100) Surface.- 2.3 Specular Intensities.- 3. StructuralModels for Si(100).- References.- He Diffraction from Semiconductor Surfaces.Lecture II: CaAs(110): Calibration of the Atom-Diffraction Technique.- 1.Introduction.- 2. Diffracti on Scans.- 3. Specular Intensity Scans.- 4.Rigorous Calculation of Diffraction Intensities.- 5. The Origin of the He/GaAsPotential.- 6. Computation of Rarefied Charge Densities.- 7. Summary.-References.- He Diffraction from Semiconductor Surfaces. Lecture III: Si (111)7×7.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Diffraction Scans.- 3. Specular IntensityInterference.- 4. A Model of the Si(111) 7×7.- 5. Summary.- References.- HeliumScattering from Clean and Adsorbate-Covered Metal Surfaces.- 1. Introduction.-2. The He-Surface Interaction Potential and the Crystallographic InformationContained in the Corrugation Function.- 3. Data Analysis.- 3.1 Diffraction Geometry.-3.2 The Hard Corrugated Wall Model.- 3.3 Calculation of Intensities for Given?(R): The Direct Problem.- 3.4 Reconstruction of the Corrugation Function fromMeasured and Intensities: the Inverse Problem.- 3.5 Influences due to theSoftness of the Potential.- 3.6 Influences due to the Thermal Motion of theSurface Atoms.- 4. Experimental Aspects.- 5. Examples.- 5.1 Metals.- 5.2Adsorbate Structures.- References.- The Coherence Length in Molecular andElectron Beam Diffraction.- 1. Abstract.- 2. Introduction.- 3. The Formation ofthe Diffraction Pattern.- 3.1 The Simple-Minded Approach.- 3.2 The RigorousApproach.- 4. Summary.- References.- Charge Density Waves Surface DeformationStudied by Helium Atom Diffraction.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Unreconstructed Structureof the Layered Compounds.- 3. Charge Density Waves Deformations.- References.-II. Characterization of Adsorbed Phases.- Phase Transitions in Surface Films.-1. Introduction.- 2. Order-Disorder Transitions.- 2.1 Critical Exponents andSurface Symmetry.- 2.2 2D Gas-Solid Transition.- 2.3 2D Melting (Existence of aSelf-Bound Liquid?).- 2.3.1 Mehtane/Graphite.- 2.3.2 Krypton/Graphite.- 3.Solid-State Transformation.- 3.1 Commensurate-Incommensurate (C-I) Transition.-3.1.1 Kr/Graphite (0001).- 3.1.2 Xe/Cu(110).- 3.2 2D Polymorphism.- 3.3 NonStoichiometric Surface Compounds.- 4. 2D Gas-Liquid Transition.- 4.1 Liquid-GasCoexistence.- 4.2 Critical Index.- 5. Influence of Heterogeneities on SurfacePhase Transitions.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- Universal Laws of PhysicalAdsorption.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Evidence for Universality.- 3. AnalyticalForms of the Potential.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- The Dynamical Parametersof Desorbing Molecules.- 1. Abstract.- 2. Introduction.- 3. The Failure of the GeneralDesorption Laws.- 4. The Associative Desorption of Permeating Atoms.- 5.Conclusions.- References.- Atomic Beam Diffraction as a Method for StudyingTwo-Dimensional Solids.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Atomic Diffraction.- 2.1 SurfaceCrystallography.- 2.2 Atom-Surface Interaction Potential.- 2.3 InelasticScattering.- 3. Atomic Diffraction from Adsorbates.- 4. Diffraction of H Atomsfrom a Xe Overlayer Adsorbed on the (0001) Surface of Graphite.- 5.Conclusions.- References.- Atom Scattering from Overlayers.- 1. Introduction.-2. Experiments of Atom Scattering from Adsorbates.- 3. Theory of Atom Scattering from Adsorbates.- 4. Inelastic Scattering.- References.- III. Spectroscopyof Surface Optical Excitations.- Surface Elementary Excitations.- 1. Introduction.-2. Electrons at Metal Surfaces.- 3. Continuum Models of Bulk and SurfaceElementary Excitatations.- 3.1 Radiative and Non-Radiative Modes.- 3.2 TheDispersion Relations.- 3.3 Matching Conditions in the Non-Retarded Limit.- 3.4Surface Modes in a Crystal Slab.- 3.5 Quantization and the HamiltonianFormalism.- 4. Microscopic Theory of Surface Electronic Excitations.- 4.1Surface Plasmon Dispersion.- 4.2 Semiclassical Infinite Barrier Model (SCIBM).-5. Optical Spectroscopy of Surface Excitations.- 5.1 Rough Surface andGratings.- 5.2 Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR).- 6. Electron Energy LossSpectroscopy of Surface Excitations.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 ExperimentalExamples.- 6.3 Interaction of Electrons with Collective Surface Modes.- 6.4Interaction of Electrons with Localized Vibrations.- 6.5 Solution of theScattering Problem.- 6.6 Observation of Surface Optical Phonons and SurfacePhonons.- 6.7 Observation of Adsorbed Molecule Vibrational Modes.- 7. DynamicalScreening-Image Potential.- References.- Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering.- 1.Introduction.- 2. The Phenomenon of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,"Roughness" and Local Field Effects.- 3. Further Reading.- References.-Calculation of the Phonon Spectrum of the Ni(111) Surface Covered with Oxygen.-1. Introduction.- 2. Dipole Coupling.- 3. Bulk Phonons.- 4. Surface Phonons.-5. Interpretation of the EELS Experiment.- References.- IV. Surface PhononSpectroscopy by Atom Scattering.- Phonon Interactions in Atom Scattering fromSurfaces.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Review of Theoretical Studies of SurfacePhonons.- 3. Kinematics of Inelastic Surface Scattering.- 4. Dynamical Theoryof Inelastic Scattering.- 5. Inelastic Scattering Experiments.- 6. Role ofResonances in Phonon Interactions.- References.- Surface Phonons in IonicCrystals.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Surface Elastic Waves.- 2.1 Theory.- 2.2Isotropic Crystals.- 2.3 Anisotropic Cubic Crystals.- 3. Surface Polaritons.-3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Surface Phonon Polaritons.- 4. Surface Lattice Dynamics.-4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Dynamics of a Thin Slab.- 4.3 The Green's FunctionMethod.- 4.3.1 The Free Surfaces as a Perturbation.- 4.3.2 The Semi-InfiniteLattice.- 4.4 Examples and Comparison with Experimental Data.- 4.4.1 TheEnergy-Loss Profile of Inelastic Atom Scattering.- References.- InelasticScattering of Neon from the (001) LiF Surface.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1Experimental Apparatus.- 1.2 Measurements and Analysis.- 1.3 MultiphononScattering.- 1.4 Conclusion.- References.- Inelastic Scattering from MetalSurfaces.- 1. What is so Exciting About Metal Surfaces.- 2. Basic DifferencesBetween Metal and Insulator Surfaces.- 3. Experimental Results.- 3.1 LightProbing Atoms: He on Cu.- 3.2 Heavy Probing Atoms: Ne on Ni.- 3.3 AdsorbateLayers.- 4. Conclusion.- References.- Bound State Resonance in the InelasticScattering of He-Graphite.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Experimental Observations.-2.1 Phonon-Assisted Bound State Resonance.- 2.2 Specular Phonon Assisted BoundState Resonance.- 2.3 Double Bound State Resonance.- 3. Calculation of theSpecular Phonon Assisted Resonance.- 4. Information on Surface PhononDispersion Relation.- 5. Conclusions.- References.- Index of Contributors.